It is located in the province of Salerno, as a fraction of the municipality of Capaccio, about 30 kilometers south of Salerno (97 kilometers south of Naples). It is located in the Sele Plain, near the coast, in the Gulf of Salerno, to the north of the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park. The town is also equipped with a small railway station called Paestum, and two small towns adjacent to the station called Capaccio scalo and Lido di Paestum.

Paestum, the Latinized name of the term Paistom with which it was defined after its conquest by the Lucanians, is an ancient city of Magna Graecia called Poseidonia by the founders in honor of Poseidon, but very devoted to Hera and Athena. The extension of its inhabited area is still clearly recognizable today, enclosed by its Greek walls, as modified in the Lucanian and then Roman periods. In the past it was also known as Pesto.

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